What if Pangaea still exists until today?

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Once upon a time... umm... No

Once in 335 Million Years ago...
There was a land so vast, no man has ever fully conquer it before
A land so vast, the sun rises and sets in the same ocean,
A land so vast, that everything lives in it


A land called...


Pangaea






*hehe* How bout that? Did that make a good intro narration? No... Huh, shucks... :(
Well, I want to write about the Earth landmass 355 Million years ago, Pangaea
That is basically our entire Earth's continent, merged into one lump of soil


Now, What if Pangaea still exists until today? What are the benefits? What are the Consequences?
What will the life looked like? Hmm... this going to be a long post, so better grab your drinks and snacks.

EXPLANATION TIME!

Before you return your cola back to the fridge, Let's see the context of our topic today

Pangaea or Pangea (spelled: Pan-gee-ya) was a supercontinent that existed during the late Paleozoic and early Mesozoic eras. An era between "all-aquatic lifes" and "Early Dinousaur age". It assembled from earlier continental units approximately 335 million years ago, and it began to break apart about 175 million years ago^. In contrast to the present Earth and its distribution of continental mass, much of Pangaea was in the southern hemisphere and surrounded by a superocean, Panthalassa. Pangaea was the last supercontinent to have existed and the first to be reconstructed by geologists.

  

Artist's Illustration of Pangea (Left) and The outline in Modern Continents

The name came from a Greek word Pan (All, Together, United) and Gaia (Earth, Goddess), That means Pangaea means All-in-One Earth.

The concept that the continents once formed a continuous land mass was first proposed by Alfred Wegener, the originator of the theory of continental drift, in his 1912 publication The Origin of Continents (Die Entstehung der Kontinente). He expanded upon his hypothesis in his 1915 book The Origin of Continents and Oceans (Die Entstehung der Kontinente und Ozeane), in which he explained that, before breaking up and drifting to their present locations, all the continents had formed a single supercontinent that he called the "Urkontinent". At first, He used the Germanized name "Pangaaea" But it was Anglicized in Accord to the American Association of Geologists in 1926

 

"Alfred Wegener, Founder of The Pangaea Theory (Left) and his book Die Entstehung der Kontinente und Ozeane (Right)

And Our dish of the day... Scenario

Well, Pangaea exists before mankind even existed on earth yet...

But still, Let us review what we got here...

Pangaea is a huge landmass with almost no borders with exceptions of a few strands of Rivers and Mountain Belts

Now, If human exists on Pangaea. There would be 3 Scenario that Might happen together.

First, Pangaea would have a Climate that you would see on Mainland China. A Subtropical-Temperate land. This will affect the Flora and Fauna of the land, Indeed, right? 

But, this means Humans living in Pangaea would have different Culture behaviour than ours

Say like this... People living in Germany, UK and Sweden would like to have a fur coat, warming foods, and a warm home. But people living in Egypt, India, and Southeast Asian Countries would wear thin clothes, cool home and foods with cooling efficacy...

This means the world would be one... A Utopia coming to reality...

But, without differing culture, this world would be either really bleak because of "A united ruleship, and things accompanying it" ... Or really Peaceful... like heaven... on earth (Pun unintended)

Pick Your Poison, Humanity

Since humans are "united" and there are no "Differences"... The Very nature of Human itself will change... Either humans would be Noncompetitive like what we are now or they are "Less Competitive". Probably another Sapient being equal to human also exists to back the Competitiveness... A somewhat "Fairytale world"

Second, If Humans doesn't unite they would form something extremely similar to Medieval Europe. Or at least something like "Final Fantasy kind of world"...

Humans would retain their natural "competitiveness" and will seek to gain power among the other... An "Mega Empire versus Surviving Kingdoms" kind of world

And third... If our world exists in Pangaea... 

I can't really write something this bizzare...

But to keep things short... We won't live long.

There... 

Hwell... there's my scenario...

What would happen if Pangaea exists today? What happen in that third scenario? Tell me your mind in the comments or via email :)

Bibliothek:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Wegener
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panthalassa

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pangaea  

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dystopia

What if the Europeans cannot find the Americas and/or The Indies in time?

Visit: www.amikom.ac.id

For more stories about Alternate Universe, you can visit www.youtube.com/user/AlternateHistoryHub

This channel is dedicated for Explaining Alternate Universes and more... IN VIDEO!

Spices...
Gold...
Silver...
and Glory...

It was the main cause of why the Portuguese, Spanish, Italians and other European power searching for the "Mystical Orient" and "Ancient lands of India". A good story, really. A lot of people gain an Epic Popularity for sailing their ships towards the Middle of nowhere...

Now, What if the Europeans can't sail their ships to the Americas and can't find new lands outside of Europe? A big Question? Indeed...

Remember this is only one scenario, And there would be a lot of outcome from this simple yet big question.

Now, The Explanation

As always, when we are discussing about an Alternate World, we would discuss the Context of our World first.

The story begins in the early of 13th Century, actually... It began from the Antiquity/Classical age. But I'll simplify for sake of readability...

Now... The story begins at early 13th Century. European medieval knowledge about Asia beyond the reach of the Byzantine Empire was sourced in partial reports, often obscured by legends^, dating back from the time of the conquests of Alexander the Great and his successors. Another source was the trade networks of merchants established as go-betweens between Europe and the Muslim world which are vastly differing from Person to person, from one account to another

The Muslim Nations, namely the Ottoman Turks, Shroud the story of the "Far East" with stories of Mystical beasts such as Liang (Dragons), Satyr (Goat-men), Dog-headed men, strange customs, Barbaric attitude, and much more that was said to protect the Goods and exotics the Ottomans brought to their Market. This intrigued a Merchant from Venetia, Italy. Named Marcopolo, To travel the Far East along the Silk Road. Though a lot of men have travelled to the "Far East", Marcopolo is the only European that leaves a highly-detailed note of what lies across the "end of the world". And he returns to found his Homeland, Venetia was at war with their neighbour Genoa

Marcopolo (Left) and his Route in a Modern Map (Right), note that he follows the route from Constantinople to 

Peking (now Beijing) and back

 A new man step up in the act, His name is Christophorus Colombus, Cristobal Colon or known as Christopher Colombus from Genoa, Italy. He was fascinated by Marcopolo's account of the Far East and want to witness it himself. He offer himself to the Castillian Crown (now Spain) to search for a new land for the "Glory of the Spanish people" in term he would be sponsored by the Castille and allowed to use their ships.

Oversimplifying a lot of events, Colombus founded the Hispaniola (now Caribbean Islands) and established four colony for Spain. giving more and more people the hope for "a Brave New World"

Christoper Colombus (Left) and his Route in a Modern Map (Right)

More Oversimplification leads to a new explorer named Fernão de Magalhães or Ferdinand Magellan from Portugal that Circumnavigate (Journey around) the world. "Finding" both Maluku, Phillipines and The Malacca for the European Records, but he doesn't return to Portugal, instead, he was killed by a poison dart by Filipino natives and his voyage was continued by his First Mate Juan Sebastian del Cano

 

Ferdinand Magellan (Left) and Juan Sebastian del Cano (Right) and their route in

Modern map (bottom)

And the Scenario...

With the Context put aside, let us review the scenario...

Let see, The reason of why the Europeans want to explore the world for the "Far East" is for getting riches and glory... with ease

And to get cheap Luxury Goods such as spices, silk, ivory and more

Since Europeans are already trading with the Ottoman Turks, let just say that the Ottomans had a direct influx of Luxury Goods and it flooded the Markets in Europe. This makes sure that people has less intentions to explore for a better "market". 

Now, let's handle with people such as Marcopolo and Colombus. We won't say that they won't exist since there would be other men besides them that would change their place.

Let just say... The Europeans have chartered Asia and India in almost perfect detail.. Maybe some Muslim Traders have bargained some map charters to the Europeans... maybe a Mongolian Diplomat came to the doors of Byzantium and gave them Information about "what and who" in the other side of the world... Maybe the Scholars in Europe has dechipered a map of Asia and India from the Charters and Maps they collect from the Muslim society...

All in all, They have sufficient Information and/or their Influence has grown outside of European lands, allowing people from "corners of the world" to reach Europe.

 

Good day, Your Majesty... I want to come for a Bargain. 

But, I feel someone in the future would say it in a Film 'bout some angry doctor

 

So, what happened when the Europeans had ceased their will to travel to the Americas?

Well... Eventually, The Americas would be founded, I'm not going to lie here... A lot of Factors would increase their will to find new lands.

Crowded settlements, Hard-living, Oppresion, and other factors will drive people to search for a better place than under the same rule of the same king, everyday, by the year.

In this world, some Dare-devil kind of explorer would sail to the Americas, like what the Leif Eriksson do. Some of them would fail because of a lot of factors... Mutiny, Attrition, sickness, or even just plain bad luck as always. some would succeded and would colonize it. But that one factor.

But this means that the Colonization of the Americas happened way late than what in our world expects. Big Chances that they would found the Americas in the 17th or 18th centuries.

This, Creates a very-very differing gap between our world and this world.

Big Chances that the US would still exists but with much differing culture. The US can be from English people irritated by the king, but still... A French or a Spanish United States would also exists as well, this can be affected by a lot of factors.

But, there is a chance that It won't become a "United States" since there are no "Thirteen colonies of New York". But probably a "Singular State" or "a Federation of multi-national colonial settlements"...

A mix of colonies from differing countries...

Same as Mexico"Granada, Brazil and other colonial nations in the Americas later on.

 

 Telling the constable that you didn't steal the king's magic coat won't help you, My Friend

Since this happened, there would be another kind of people that needs to be checked as well, The Natives...

The Aztecs and the Mayans were in Contact with the Spanish in Colombus's journey. This creates new kind of "occupation"... The Conquistadores...

Conquistadores don't only spread chaos and tyranny across the Central American Natives, but also brings the Idea of Westernizations... Culture, Social, Law... everything... even sickness... :|

This has effects for the Americas in the Long Run

Since there are no Natives Massacres, killings and whatnot. The Natives there would have 2 paths... First, they will prosper...

This path are most likeable to happen in the North Americans Tribes, Especially the Iroquian and the Cherokees.

They would keep their migrating behaviour, unlike when the Europeans came earlier. The Natives diaspora would be much different than ours since a lot of Tribe would migrate from one place to another. And there's a big chances when their tribe grows big enough and decided to settle, they will grow much faster, thus resulting to a bigger Native Populations.

Once the Europeans came, they would be more accepting but this is merely one factor.

 

"What? Pipe smoking? Nah, bro... That's sooo last year... Let's do a selfie to commemorate our alliance"

Second, They would have a status quo... Nothing changed. This is more likeable in the Mesoamerican Tribes such as Aztecs and Mayans.

Why the Mesoamerican? They have settled, have medieval-era-like technologies and social structure such as The Chinampa Garden (which is similar to Modern river Irrigation system), and their government system are similar to a Feudalistic Government, a mix of Administrative "Fiefdom" in which the Emperor only exert their power among their own but not to every of their lands.

This would result in a Status quo of the people living there, Since the Aztecs have a tendency towards warfare (They need sacrifices for the Sun God, there :| )... They would grow once the European came, maybe they would trade in resources... whatever it may happen both paths would result in the Natives becoming more accepting... Like the Indian Rajah to the British

Well, there are a lot to be explained by this topic... But here's one scenario...

What do you think? What would happen if the Europeans cannot find the Americas in time? Let me know by your comments... :)

And hey you can contact me via the Google+ or Email, thank you :D

Bibliothek:

Arnold, David, "The Age of Discovery, 1400-1600", Cornwall-Great Britain, Methuen & Co Ltd., 1983, pg. 6.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marco_Polo

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Age_of_Discovery

What If electricity wasn't invented until today?

Visit: www.amikom.ac.id 

For more stories about Alternate Universe, you can visit www.youtube.com/user/AlternateHistoryHub

This channel is dedicated for Explaining Alternate Universes and more... IN VIDEO!

 
I had a blackout at my home about 1 week ago, And it was the darkest and probably the longest blackout I have ever felt. It was from 4 pm to almost 10 pm in the night.

Since both my phone and my laptop were running out of battery, My mind takes its place. And I've been thinking, What if this "thing" we have taken for granted, this "not-so unreal" object that have powered almost 80% of the world settlements, and this "really shocking" (Pun Intended) object that we call "Electricity" doesn't Exist... Now this is one scenario, There is a lot and a lot more that can come out of this.

First, The Explanation

Before we indulge ourselves in the mind-boggling part, let us take a brief review of what electricity is?

According to Wikipedia, Electricity is the set of physical phenomena associated with the presence of electric charge. Although initially considered a phenomenon separate to magnetism, since the development of Maxwell's Equations both are recognized as part of a single phenomenon: electromagnetism. Various common phenomena are related to electricity, including lightning, static electricity, electric heating, electric discharges and many others. In addition, electricity is at the heart of many modern technologies.
The presence of an electric charge, which can be either positive or negative, produces an electric field. On the other hand, the movement of electric charges, which is known as electric current, produces a magnetic field.

Electrical phenomena have been studied since antiquity, though progress in theoretical understanding remained slow until the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Even then, practical applications for electricity were few, and it would not be until the late nineteenth century that engineers were able to put it to industrial and residential use. The rapid expansion in electrical technology at this time transformed industry and society. Electricity's extraordinary versatility means it can be put to an almost limitless set of applications which include transport, heating, lighting, communications, and computation. Electrical power is now the backbone of modern industrial society


Oversimplifying the History timeline, "Dynamic" Electricity was "found" by an American Researcher, Statesman, and Founding Father, Benjamin Franklin. Although the static electricity was found long time ago by the Greeks and Persians by rubbing Amber (or in Greek: Elektrone, hence the name electricity) and their storage patented by German and Dutch researchers

   

Benjamin Franklin (left) and his method of "finding" Electricity with his son (right)

Mr. Franklin found electricity by doing something that will drove all mother's to extreme fear... That is playing kite under a hail of thunderstorm... with a metal thread...

Mr. Franklin was fascinated by the Leiden jar (The method of storing static electricity mentioned earlier) and he once exclaimed that "This method of extracting liquefied storms are as the same as extracting them from a real one" Then on 1750 at Philadelphia, in a Thunderstorm, he attached a key to the mid-part of the kite thread, and a lightning hits the metal thread and current the energy to the key and mostly, to the ground. He then touched the key, and he was shocked, physically and mentally... He then explained his hypothesis in the Pennsylvania gazette and read to the Royal Society of Scientists in 21 December 1752 

And a lot of people including Michael Faraday, James Watt, Andre-Marie Ampere, Thomas Alva Edison and more develop the idea of using and "making" electricity, Such as the Electric motor, The lightbulb, and many more.

Until the advent of producing electricity with Coal Power, Petroleum and eventually, until today, The Solar Power and the Nuclear fission Power

The Belchatow Fuel Power Plant in Poland (Left), Sahara Solar Panel in the Saharan Desert (right) and The Kashiwazaki-Kariwa Nuclear Power plant in Japan (Bottom) are the largest power plant that uses Fuel, Solar and Nuclear power respectively

  

 

 

 

 

 

So, What about the Scenario?

Well, Electricity was a Natural occurrence and Humans are mostly curious on how the universe works.

This is a very daunting and hard scenario, but really-really intriguing one.

Let just say that The Greeks can't explain of why rubbing together amber can shock them, and let just say that they said it was the scourge of the God, Zeus, and was forbidden and held Taboo by Most European and Eastern society. Everyone was scared to experience lightning and to feel a static electricity shock, and a myth telling that misfortune will happened if you get a "unexplainable shock" circulate around the world.

Not only kids that are afraid of lightning in this scenario but also the adults. This means that the world culture will differ greatly from ours. Lightning now acts as a "Curse" rather than an "Intrigue".

And a big chances that in the classical ages, God of the Sky such as Zeus and Jupiter will be more widespread as the Bringer of death instead of being the All-wise God

"You know what, Hera? This world sucks!"

Second, let's advance way to the ages, to the Napoleonic era... 

The British were the first to found the steam engine, but in this scenario, Michael Faraday and James watt won't research on the advent of using steam engine for generating electricity. This affect the entire World both economically, socially and even in their prestige ranks...

Since Electricity wasn't founded, The coal mining Industry would decline, but not to a complete halt. It would only fulfill the demand for supplying steam engines for Manufactories, Steamships and Other mechanical engines, Which in turn affect the global market for fossil fuel. Still, it would increase in the advent of Railroad Industry but only in a small margin. Means, in this alternate world, Gas and Kerosene won't be priced as in our world

As said, The Transport industry won't be really affected, until someone mentioned the need for private transportation. bicycles, stagecoaches, and cars. Since we haven't discovered electricity yet, Cars would still exist but can be really cumbersome... Why?

Cars uses electrical components to power the engine. Without electricity, Cars would have a big, bulging hot steam engine as their means of energy. This means cars would be considered a Novelty object rather than a true advance in Technology, 

 

I can't Imagine one of these things pass through my house :/

This also means that Horse-Breeding work won't decline in the 18-19th century and you would see a stagecoaches traffic jams in New York, Bangkok, Jakarta or New Delhi instead of Cars. Well, we can't say it won't happen right?

A Traffic jam from coaches and wagons, Amazing right?

Since there are no cars, no lightbulb and no "Flicks at the cinema", This would affect the world socially too...

Since the availability to commute from one place to another are limited, people will tend to live in a small, cramped settlements instead of big, sparse cities because lot of people would rather live next to a soot-belching factory that is their workplace rather than to live in the countryside but have to walk kilometers to their work.

Not only there would be no Cinema, lightbulb, and etcetera. There would be no Telephone or Telegraph. Means that Exchange of informations would still rely on Postal services and word-to-word means. This has a plus-minus traits. 

The plus are people would need to meet with the person in question to comunicate and exchange information, Reducing the level of Social Gap and Introvert behaviour. the Minus is, that there would be "Miscomunications" and the integrity of the information that was sent are increasingly doubted. Therefore increasing the level of Untrustful behaviour.

The world would be much darker in the space but much brighter on ground since people tend to have their own fire at their home before the advent of lightbulb

In Politics, nations will have a tendency to avoid distant wars, Since it will hurt their economy and the morale of their citizens.. Which also gives out Plus-Minus Traits

Plus is there would be no World war One or Two, but still, another war would take it place though. Means there would be no massacre, no wasted manpower and no misery. Cool right?

And there is the Minus... The world war two not only proves as an epic story for Videogames. but also as a motivation to develop better technology, The German invented the first Short-Range Ballistic Missile, Developed the submarine technology and the First efficient cryptography technique, "The Enigma", The British made bigger and more efficient ships and communications technique such as SW radio and Ships such as HMS Hood. Without the World wars. we would still be stuck on using wood-ships and a lot of Ideas will be left to be fantasies, You can't have that smartphone or laptop of yours that you see to see this article now

Well, There are a lot more to be explained in detail, but that's the big picture... What do you think?

What would happen if Electricity doesn't exist? Let me know by your comments :)

Bibliothek
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kite_experiment